no one was with her when she died

In preparation for the Cafe au Play Spring Book Fair at Barnes & Noble on March 8 & 9, featuring the ever-fabulous Fancy Nancy in her new incarnation, I'm posting book reviews over the next couple of weeks featuring books about insects and books about birthdays. It'll all make sense when you see the newest Fancy Nancy book.

Here's something that intrigues me: books about spiders are often books about death. Eileen Spinelli's picture book Sophie's Masterpiece, the story of a house spider whose artistic talents go largely unappreciated until she sets herself to the task of creating a gossamer blanket for a human baby, sees the full realization and appreciation of Sophie's talents only at the moment of her death. Likewise, Jenny Nimmo's The Snow Spider, for children 10 and older, involves a magical spider whose icy webs have the power to conjure up the spirits of the dead. But the best known spider in literature is undoubtedly Charlotte of Charlotte's Web.

Of course you've read Charlotte's Web. Maybe you don't own your own copy yet, or anymore. We read Charlotte's Web aloud again not long ago. It is one of the classics of U.S. children's literature in part because of the delicacy with which it handles the problems of social relationships: what it is to be alone and what it is to be a friend.

But more than ever before, it struck me on this reading as a profound introduction to American culture for children. The riffs on boxing (as Charlotte recounts the story of her cousin catching the fly), and on religion (when Mr. Arable goes to tell the minister about the miracle of the web), on the dreariness of scientific authority (when Dr. Dorian muses to Mrs. Arable about the likelihood of animal speech) and the canniness of observation (when Mrs. Zuckerman observes that it is Charlotte rather than Wilbur who is extraordinary), the peculiar combination of the comic and the lyric--all of these share some self-mocking quality that is intrinsic to the best of American culture, a refusal to take entirely seriously those things that we embrace, an awareness of their rootedness in a particular time and place.

My daughter claimed never to have heard it before, though I was sure I had already read it with her--and sure enough, there were passages that had her laughing, and saying, "Oh. I remember this part!" But there were things she had forgotten, too, big things--like the death of Charlotte.

"Last Day," the chapter in which she dies, makes it very clear that Charlotte will not survive--Charlotte herself says so. But rather than allow her death to become the focus of the chapter, White redirects the readers' attention to Wilbur's determination to do something for the friend he adores, and to the manner of her death: "No one was with her when she died." So the genius of this book, it seems to me, is that the death of the heroine is not the end of the story. And as a result, readers are allowed to grieve her death in the context of a life that goes on, in the context of the life she was so determined to save--in the context of Wilbur's life. The grief we feel is, therefore, the grief we feel for the loss of a beloved friend, not the grief and terror we may feel in the face of death itself. The specificity of Charlotte's death allows children to see that death is indeed a part of life, and that life goes on--not uncaringly or callously, but that it goes on nonetheless, and that we can continue to feel joy in it.

Comments

[Charles Heying]

This book was a favorite for our children and now our grandchildren. I am sure that it was difficult to get the publisher to agree on the ending. My first cousin wrote a nice childrens story that included an account of the process of cutting and storing ice in Iowa before the advent of electrical refrigeration. Her brother was a photographer and they did a historically accurate photos of the process as a part of a touching story about remembering a dog who was lost in the process of getting the ice. My cousin told me how difficult it was to get a publisher to agree to a story where an animal dies. Ultimately she convinced the publisher that understanding death and loss and remembering a loved animal even while enjoying something (the ice cream they made next summer with the ice) was an important part of the rural experience.